Tobacco retailers who follow the federal law don't want to get lumped in with those who are breaking it by selling single cigarettes, said Tom Briant, director of the National Association of cigarettes on rogue traders.
National supermarket chains as well as corner shops were among the traders found to be handing over packets of cigarettes.
The undercover operation, which used young volunteers to snare shop staff, visited dozens of independent and chain stores across the city.
At least one trader has been slapped with a formal warning from the procurator fiscal and three others have been reported to prosecutors.
A further ten traders have been issued with formal warnings from cigarettes products.
But anti-smoking groups today called for tougher action to be taken against those caught, including banning them from selling tobacco products altogether.
Councillor Robert Cairns, city environment and consumer services leader, said he was amazed shops continued to sell tobacco products to youngsters. He said: "It is totally unacceptable that over a fifth of Edinburgh businesses visited failed to carry out the simple test of asking for ID.
"If businesses are serious in their aim to prevent young people from having access to tobacco, they must take effective action to ensure that no-one under the age of 16 is sold cigarettes ".
The secret visits by volunteers found that 22 per cent of the 69 shops approached between July 2005 and February 2006 were breaking the law.
A similar project carried out in 2004 across four Scottish councils, including Edinburgh, found that 20 per cent of shops in the Capital were selling cigarettes to under-16s.
Campaigners say this year's marginal increase shows that the threat of a fine is not enough of a deterrent for some retailers.
ASH Scotland, which campaigns against the sale and use of Cigarettes , said that roughly 450 young people in Britain take up smoking every day. The campaign group estimates that half of all teenage smokers will die from tobacco-related diseases if they continue to smoke.
ASH Scotland applauds the majority of Edinburgh shops, which refuse to sell tobacco to children, as well as the council's determination to take action against those that break the law. We believe that shopkeepers that knowingly and persistently sell cigarettes to children should not be allowed to sell tobacco at all."
Maureen Moore, chief executive of ASH Scotland, said: "It is illegal to sell Marlboro to children and it is vital that the law to stop such sales is made to work.
Tobacco are well known to be addictive as well as lethal, they are also especially damaging for children's lungs which have yet to fully develop.
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The cashier said the man asked for two cartons of cigarettes .she placed them on the counter and began to ring them up, the man reached across the counter and grabbed the cigarettes to take them. The cashier said she held onto the cigarettes and a struggle occurred.
During the struggle, the cashier said she was struck in the face.
The cashier told officers she was able to bite the suspect, possibly on the hand, during the attack.
The robber took the cigarettes and ran out of the gas station, heading north and disappearing into a nearby apartment complex.
The nation's largest cigarettes maker is disputing a study by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health that found nicotine in cigarettes has risen about 10 percent in the past six years.
Durazzo points out that while severe, such a strategy might be effective because among alcoholics, "cigarettes and alcohol tend to go together. One may elicit cravings for the other. So if you are able to give up both at the same time, it may increase your chances of staying sober, because you don't have one substance serving as a trigger for use of the other."
The Melbourne event is one of a shrinking number of events on the Grand Prix circuit to continue to allow smoking advertisements.Tobacco advertising is banned at sporting events, but the Melbourne Grand Prix has been given an exemption.
The locus on chromosome four involves a cluster of roughly 200 genes, including some that are involved in alcohol metabolism. But saying there's a propensity for alcoholism behavior based on that chromosome location would not be very predictive, in part because it remains unknown exactly which genes or combination of genes play a role in this behavioral effect, Wilhelmsen said.
The study also found the three most popular cigarettes brands with young smokers - Marlboro , Newport and Camel - delivered significantly more nicotine than they did years ago.
According to state statute section 53-344, any person who sells, gives or delivers tobacco to a person under the age of 18 shall be fined not more than $200 for the first offense, not more than $350 for a second offense within an 18-month period and not more than $500 for each subsequent offense within an 18-month period.
"This shows that the tobacco industry's influence on our nation's health extends far beyond policies directly concerned with smoking or cigarettes said Ruth Malone, RN, PhD, associate professor in the UCSF School of Nursing and senior author on the study.
Donna Rheaume, a spokeswoman for the Department of Public Health, defended the report, which concluded that the higher nicotine levels made it easier to get hooked on cigarettes and harder to quit.
The tobacco companies are appealing the ruling and have asked for a stay of Kessler's order while they pursue that appeal.
Shouting anti-tobacco slogans, the message of the secondary students was loud and clear. “Students are buying tobacco products because they are easily available in the vicinity of the school,” Uma Mahesh (14), a class IX student, said. The government imposed a ban on manufacture, sale and distribution of tobacco products within 100 metres of educational institutions in August 2002.
Debate exists on how many cancer deaths are preventable in principle-estimates range from 50 percent to 80 percent-but most researchers agree that tobacco use (mostly smoking) accounts for the majority. Today, Camel smoking claims about 438,000 premature deaths in the U.S. annually. It is responsible for up to one-third of all cancer deaths and accounts for 20 percent of annual U.S. mortality due to all causes, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."
Sen. Max Baucus, D-Mont., did not vote on the amendment July 15 due to an injury he suffered in a July 3 motorcycle accident, but his press secretary said he supports the amendment.
Two facts about smokers rivet cancer researchers: the notion that not everyone who tries cigarettes becomes addicted, and the knowledge that only a fraction of long-term smokers (about 15 percent) will develop lung cancer, although tobacco also is responsible for one-third of all cardiovascular deaths under age 85.
Differences also are likely between smokers in their physiological responses-how their bodies vary in susceptibility to the cancer-causing compounds in cigarettes -which implies that agents might be designed that help prevent cancer from developing or treat it more.
Donna Rheaume, a spokeswoman for the Department of Public Health, defended the report, which concluded that the higher nicotine levels made it easier to get hooked on cigarettes effectively if it does. To explore these topics, other teams of researchers in the Department of Epidemiology and the Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention are working together.